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author | mjfernez <mjf@mjfer.net> | 2024-07-23 01:04:29 -0400 |
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committer | mjfernez <mjf@mjfer.net> | 2024-07-23 01:04:29 -0400 |
commit | 863641afa60f46d271bf89dea256b2d42fe18de1 (patch) | |
tree | f454feaf663ab10013d5cab84c2d8e2cac2d36c1 /tutorials/www/quick-intro-html-css.html | |
parent | 8bcc5e70f895857281b466ff82c0a55c4cd322fb (diff) | |
download | site-files-863641afa60f46d271bf89dea256b2d42fe18de1.tar.gz |
Fix css tags
Diffstat (limited to 'tutorials/www/quick-intro-html-css.html')
-rw-r--r-- | tutorials/www/quick-intro-html-css.html | 88 |
1 files changed, 44 insertions, 44 deletions
diff --git a/tutorials/www/quick-intro-html-css.html b/tutorials/www/quick-intro-html-css.html index 05302d8..1ea2fbf 100644 --- a/tutorials/www/quick-intro-html-css.html +++ b/tutorials/www/quick-intro-html-css.html @@ -465,18 +465,18 @@ using a CSS file.</p> <p>For any HTML tag, you can set an attribute that applies everytime it appears in an HTML document that links to the CSS file. A common formatting I use for paragraphs is:</p> -<pre class="htmlcss"><code>p { - margin-top: 1.5%; - margin-bottom: 1.5%; -}</code></pre> +<div class="sourceCode" id="cb12"><pre class="sourceCode css"><code class="sourceCode css"><span id="cb12-1"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb12-1" tabindex="-1"></a>p {</span> +<span id="cb12-2"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb12-2" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">margin-top</span>: <span class="dv">1.5</span><span class="dt">%</span><span class="op">;</span></span> +<span id="cb12-3"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb12-3" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">margin-bottom</span>: <span class="dv">1.5</span><span class="dt">%</span><span class="op">;</span></span> +<span id="cb12-4"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb12-4" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span></code></pre></div> <p>And to highlight code, like you've been seeing, I use:</p> -<pre class="htmlcss"><code>code { - display: inline-block; - font-size: 125%; - background-color: #d8d8d8; - white-space: pre-wrap; - word-wrap: break-all; -}</code></pre> +<div class="sourceCode" id="cb13"><pre class="sourceCode css"><code class="sourceCode css"><span id="cb13-1"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb13-1" tabindex="-1"></a>code {</span> +<span id="cb13-2"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb13-2" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">display</span>: <span class="dv">inline-block</span><span class="op">;</span></span> +<span id="cb13-3"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb13-3" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">font-size</span>: <span class="dv">125</span><span class="dt">%</span><span class="op">;</span></span> +<span id="cb13-4"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb13-4" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">background-color</span>: <span class="cn">#d8d8d8</span><span class="op">;</span></span> +<span id="cb13-5"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb13-5" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">white-space</span>: <span class="dv">pre-wrap</span><span class="op">;</span></span> +<span id="cb13-6"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb13-6" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">word-wrap</span>: break-all<span class="op">;</span></span> +<span id="cb13-7"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb13-7" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span></code></pre></div> <p>I get pretty much all the attribute names just by looking them up <a href="https://www.w3schools.com/CSSref/default.asp">here</a>. But in order these lines:</p> <ul> @@ -492,11 +492,11 @@ picker</a></li> <p>Images get more styles in CSS than I can document in detail, but one important bit you'll want to probably add to all images is the following.</p> -<pre class="htmlcss"><code>img { - max-width: 100%; - height: auto; - width: auto; -}</code></pre> +<div class="sourceCode" id="cb14"><pre class="sourceCode css"><code class="sourceCode css"><span id="cb14-1"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb14-1" tabindex="-1"></a>img {</span> +<span id="cb14-2"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb14-2" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">max-width</span>: <span class="dv">100</span><span class="dt">%</span><span class="op">;</span></span> +<span id="cb14-3"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb14-3" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">height</span>: <span class="bu">auto</span><span class="op">;</span></span> +<span id="cb14-4"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb14-4" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">width</span>: <span class="bu">auto</span><span class="op">;</span></span> +<span id="cb14-5"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb14-5" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span></code></pre></div> <p>This does the following:</p> <ul> <li>constrains the image so it doesn't stretch the page</li> @@ -508,9 +508,9 @@ view on mobile, the image scales to fit the screen; it never gets cutoff or distorted.</p> <p>In addition to this basic stuff, you can style your images heavily using the filter option like so:</p> -<pre class="htmlcss"><code>img.gray { - filter: grayscale(100%) -}</code></pre> +<div class="sourceCode" id="cb15"><pre class="sourceCode css"><code class="sourceCode css"><span id="cb15-1"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb15-1" tabindex="-1"></a>img<span class="fu">.gray</span> {</span> +<span id="cb15-2"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb15-2" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">filter</span>: <span class="fu">grayscale(</span><span class="dv">100</span><span class="dt">%</span><span class="fu">)</span></span> +<span id="cb15-3"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb15-3" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span></code></pre></div> <p>Applied:</p> <p><img src="/static/media/jazzcat.jpg" style="filter:grayscale(100%)"/></p> <p>You can read lots more options for image formatting <a href="https://www.w3schools.com/css/css3_images.asp">here</a> and about @@ -520,19 +520,19 @@ the filter property <a href="https://www.w3schools.com/CSSref/css3_pr_filter.asp others. An example on this site, I dim the icons a bit so they can appear nice on dark theme browsers just as well. But I don't want to dim <em>all</em> images like in the following example:</p> -<pre class="htmlcss"><code>img { - filter: invert(50%); -}</code></pre> +<div class="sourceCode" id="cb16"><pre class="sourceCode css"><code class="sourceCode css"><span id="cb16-1"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb16-1" tabindex="-1"></a>img {</span> +<span id="cb16-2"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb16-2" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">filter</span>: <span class="fu">invert(</span><span class="dv">50</span><span class="dt">%</span><span class="fu">)</span><span class="op">;</span></span> +<span id="cb16-3"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb16-3" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span></code></pre></div> <p>For one, that will only dim black-and-white images; anything else will just turn to mush like this:</p> <p><img class="icon" src="/static/media/jazzcat.jpg"/></p> <p>Instead, I'd like it to just apply to select elements; I can do so by extending the tag with a class. On the CSS side:</p> -<pre class="htmlcss"><code>img.icon { - filter: invert(50%); -}</code></pre> +<div class="sourceCode" id="cb17"><pre class="sourceCode css"><code class="sourceCode css"><span id="cb17-1"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb17-1" tabindex="-1"></a>img<span class="fu">.icon</span> {</span> +<span id="cb17-2"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb17-2" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">filter</span>: <span class="fu">invert(</span><span class="dv">50</span><span class="dt">%</span><span class="fu">)</span><span class="op">;</span></span> +<span id="cb17-3"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb17-3" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span></code></pre></div> <p>And to implement it in HTML:</p> -<pre class="htmlcss"><code><img class="icon" src="/static/media/rss.svg" /></code></pre> +<div class="sourceCode" id="cb18"><pre class="sourceCode css"><code class="sourceCode css"><span id="cb18-1"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb18-1" tabindex="-1"></a><img class="icon" src="/static/media/rss<span class="fu">.svg</span>" /<span class="op">></span></span></code></pre></div> <p><img class="icon" src="/static/media/rss.svg"/></p> <h4 id="use-the-div-tag-to-make-sections">Use the div tag to make sections</h4> @@ -542,19 +542,19 @@ Let's say you wanted to center a heading, a paragraph, and a picture, and constrain them to only part of the page, so that there's some margins on the left and right. We can put them all in one content section like this:</p> -<pre class="htmlcss"><code>.content { - text-align: center; - max-width: 85%; -}</code></pre> +<div class="sourceCode" id="cb19"><pre class="sourceCode css"><code class="sourceCode css"><span id="cb19-1"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb19-1" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">.content</span> {</span> +<span id="cb19-2"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb19-2" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">text-align</span>: <span class="dv">center</span><span class="op">;</span></span> +<span id="cb19-3"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb19-3" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">max-width</span>: <span class="dv">85</span><span class="dt">%</span><span class="op">;</span></span> +<span id="cb19-4"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb19-4" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span></code></pre></div> <p>Notice, no leading tag. This can be applied to <em>any</em> element, but usually we use a placeholder tag called "div." You can think of "div" like a divider for content of similar style. In the present example, we can use the class we made with a div tag:</p> -<pre class="htmlcss"><code><div class="content"> -<h1>My cat</h1> -<p>He's a cool cat</p> -<img src="/cat.jpg" /> -</div></code></pre> +<div class="sourceCode" id="cb20"><pre class="sourceCode html"><code class="sourceCode html"><span id="cb20-1"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb20-1" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt"><</span><span class="kw">div</span> <span class="er">class</span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st">"content"</span><span class="dt">></span></span> +<span id="cb20-2"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb20-2" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt"><</span><span class="kw">h1</span><span class="dt">></span>My cat<span class="dt"></</span><span class="kw">h1</span><span class="dt">></span></span> +<span id="cb20-3"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb20-3" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt"><</span><span class="kw">p</span><span class="dt">></span>He's a cool cat<span class="dt"></</span><span class="kw">p</span><span class="dt">></span></span> +<span id="cb20-4"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb20-4" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt"><</span><span class="kw">img</span> <span class="er">src</span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st">"/cat.jpg"</span> <span class="dt">/></span></span> +<span id="cb20-5"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb20-5" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt"></</span><span class="kw">div</span><span class="dt">></span></span></code></pre></div> <h3 id="mobile-optimization">Mobile Optimization</h3> <p>In early development, reading this site on my phone was a painful experience. Fortunately, in addition to some tricks above like the @@ -563,12 +563,12 @@ allow you to directly manipulate your website based on properties of the user's device or web browser.</p> <p>I won't go into as gory details as <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/mediaqueries-4/">here</a> or <a href="https://3body-net.medium.com/building-mobile-optimized-layouts-with-css-html-1a736d779b1b">here</a>, but for your basic smartphone, you can copy and paste this block:</p> -<pre class="htmlcss"><code>@media screen and (max-device-width: 480px) { - // override your tags here - body { - font-size: 125%; - } -}</code></pre> +<div class="sourceCode" id="cb21"><pre class="sourceCode css"><code class="sourceCode css"><span id="cb21-1"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb21-1" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">@media</span> <span class="dv">screen</span> <span class="kw">and</span> (<span class="kw">max-device-width</span>: <span class="dv">480</span><span class="dt">px</span>) {</span> +<span id="cb21-2"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb21-2" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="er">// override your tags here</span></span> +<span id="cb21-3"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb21-3" tabindex="-1"></a> body {</span> +<span id="cb21-4"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb21-4" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">font-size</span>: <span class="dv">125</span><span class="dt">%</span><span class="op">;</span></span> +<span id="cb21-5"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb21-5" tabindex="-1"></a> }</span> +<span id="cb21-6"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb21-6" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span></code></pre></div> <p>This basic example makes the text slightly bigger on smartphone screens, but you can change everything you need to. I typically find I need to adjust the padding or the margins since it seems mobile browsers @@ -577,9 +577,9 @@ add a little more style than a typical desktop web browser.</p> your CSS attributes, so that size is always defined relative to all the other elements. This makes functions like zoom work a lot better. You can for example put a pixel value like this:</p> -<pre class="htmlcss"><code>body { - font-size: 14px; -}</code></pre> +<div class="sourceCode" id="cb22"><pre class="sourceCode css"><code class="sourceCode css"><span id="cb22-1"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb22-1" tabindex="-1"></a>body {</span> +<span id="cb22-2"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb22-2" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="kw">font-size</span>: <span class="dv">14</span><span class="dt">px</span><span class="op">;</span></span> +<span id="cb22-3"><a aria-hidden="true" href="#cb22-3" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span></code></pre></div> <p>But this binds the size to 14 pixels which may look great on desktop, but small on a smart phone.</p> <h2 id="how-to-look-things-up">How to look things up</h2> |